You Wouldn't Clone A Mushroom

so fly mushrooms well you've got plants you've got animals and then you've got mushrooms they're completely separate Kingdom of life and everywhere they're cool they're barely understood they're kind of like in real life Pokemon like there's all sorts of species where study is yeah it's not study as much as it should be and really kind of stud next themy empy there's mushrooms come into a lot of kind of industrial process you've got cheese and stuff in the year and stuff like that it's all technically micology it's all certain life as some sort of microbes fungi so yeah like I said you've got plants you've got animals and you've got mushrooms mushrooms start life at spores

we probably inhaling spores as we speak there millions of them floating B in the air generally microscopic but you will see them if they Clump up and mushrooms themselves they're actually the reproductive organ of my Cal Network that lives under the ground so if you see a mushroom you can like brush away the ground bit you'll start seeing some white fluffy threadlike material under the ground and that's my cell network so that will be spreading out under the ground for a lot more than you actually see the mushrooms Al you'll sometimes see like mushrooms growing in circles known as fairy circles which generally kind of gives you an idea of the size of the cell network underground

but what happen is these little white THS they'll stretch out and consume as much nutrients they can and then eventually they'll consume all the Nutri they can and then they'll fruit which is what the mushrooms you see they reprodu the drops Forest so yeah that's n so yeah mushrooms start life as spores flying all over the place two compatible spores meet on right conditions so you need lots of generally you need lots of humidity and a source of nutrients the two compatible spores will meet and they'll start forming these little threads that go out and meet each other and then you've got mellal growth so the mellal growth will keep growing if you think about maybe like a log a stick or

something they'll consume as much nutrients they'll hit the edge of their container nutrient their log or whatever and then they'll begin to fruit once they run out of things to consume so you'll start getting a mushroom kind of pinning really early stage of life then as they grow you'll see more kind of what you think of as a mushroom then eventually they'll drop spores and the cycle begins again get more mushrooms so high clone mushrooms well for a start every time you get mushrooms growing from spores you're rolling the genetic water tree you don't know what you're going to get if you've got a really vigorous fast growing mushroom that you're happy growing you might not

get that you might get spased Offspring so yeah for start you know what you're getting but also it's a hell of a lot quicker so with spores you have to wait for these spores to start germinating it's kind of like growing a seed it takes a while to have the right conditions with cloning you're starting with a bit of melium you're putting on a growth medium and it's going straight from that so you cut off cut that in really early life cycle stage and also high level approach of how you coo so get sample of my celium from mushroom or whatever and put that on a growth medium so growth mediums can be grain they can

be agar they can be a wet bit of cardboard can really be anything you've seen what mushroom will grow out of you'll get them growing Prett your least expect so they're not too fussy about what they grow on but I will get back into that later and then you wait so you've got this bit Mushroom on whatever and then you're waiting it can be weeks months depending on the speed of growth then once you've got that you've got your melium you want to transfer that to grain or some sort of sugar water to create liquid culture so I'm going to talk about grain spawn which is grain that's basically being consumed by mushrooms but you also get liquid

culture which is generally about 6% sugar water with melium going in it you'll have like a little magnetic stirring bar and one of those cool little magnetic stirrers that you see in labs and you'll end up having this cloudy looking water with these little strings of mycelium in it allows you to take it up a shortcut so either then transfer your grein spawn or liquid culture to a substrate then again weight and then induc roting conditions so this could be it run out nutrients to eat and oyer mushrooms generally it's they want fresh air and then after a while you'll have mushrooms so let's get into that bit more in depth so if you want to do this what you

need for a start you need some sort of healthy mushroom that you can clone need sterilized tools so stal PS twe ERS dental picks you'll need a hell of a lot of isopr alcohol watered down to 70% same way as if you remember during lockdown and Co if people are making own hand sanitizer don't use pure alcohol water it down to 70% because it penetrates the cell walls and bursts them and kills all the you don't want then you need somewh grow it so Petri dishes jars cardboard old books whatever and then to actually you're going to want bearing grein L on for actual substrate bags so you want a pressure cooker so you can have sterile

conditions in your house because boiling things takes a long time so pressure cooker allows you to change the atmospheric pressure and boil things for a bit longer rather than having to boil a bag of green for hours and hours a in you in the pressure quicker then it's probably 90 minutes or so because things boil fast Under Pressure you need bags or jars to put the Grain in a clean workspace and because of so much cleaning and waiting involved you really want to plan just doesn't need to be too de but scribble something down in paper if you're going to do this because you're going to spend a lot of time cleaning so you don't want

to start doing something and go oh [ __ ] I should have grabbed that then have to start cleaning all over again and yeah get so sourcer mushrooms morison is good like unless you know what you're doing don't go picking mushrooms in the wild or if you're going to do that go with somebody that knows what they're doing but the easiest way to start this process go to the supermarket I'd recommend morison they've got a nice little Woodland mix there that I think I don't know is it like 11 P or 20 P cheaper whatever than there oyster mushrooms I think it's got shitaki makaki oyster mushrooms and yeah other supermarkets do exist but I

think morison's the only one that has oyster mushrooms and oyster mushrooms are nice and easy to clone because they decomposers are pretty resistant to contaminants and they'll most things that canell is based so I've started this process with oyster mushrooms so first of all you're going to involve a lot of cleaning so I'd recommend put some music on make yourself comfortable and kind of let's prep for surgery so generally what I'd like to do is I have a table I'll get all the Clutter off it clear as much space as possible and then start cleaning that again 70% ISO alcohol you can use bleacher or whatever but you can buy Big 5 lit things of iso and water it down it's

cheap so yeah ISO so you also want to clean your mushroom as well so I'm using 3% hydrogen peroxide for that and that will just kill any sort of contaminants dirt anything you don't want any unwanted microbes on the outside of the mushroom so you spray us on the mushroom the mushroom forms up a we bit as it kind of affects and burns the outside of its skin with peroxide but yeah cruelty the mushrooms sorry uh you want to clean your instruments ideally these will be pressure cooked autoclaved whatever or single use but clean scalp P spray it again I so alcohol clean yourself sometimes I'll stop go for a shower make sure I'm nice

and clean but again surgical Spirit ISO alcohol get the idea then you clean your workspace yet again and then finally once you've done all that cleaning you want to actually prepare your sterile area so if you're doing this professionally you've got a nice hea filtered laminer FL hood that sits in front of you puts out sterile air that's all horizontal and makes it nice and easy to work in front of that you're not going to produce all sorts of unwanted contaminants if you're doing this at home you're going to buy something like that on eBay kind of popup tent or you're going to buy a big really useful box a big plastic box cut a couple of

holes in it and make a still air box the idea here is you're trying to create as sterile environment as possible you want somewhere you can work but isn't have much in terms so air blowing in unwanted spores isn't going to be bringing any other unwanted contaminants then once you've got this environment up again I'll spray it with ISO so yeah there's a lot of iso being sprayed about you can sterilize your tools I have used a little torch and flame before to sterilize scalpel and stuff but if you're spraying around a hell lot of 7% alcohol just be careful of what you're doing CU I have lost a few here not so yeah so you got your area clean it up

clean up some more clean yourself mask up glove up ready to go cool so you're saying why all this cleaning you've seen mushrooms they don't particularly grow in clean environments you know growing out literal [ __ ] at times so but because you're trying to grow a specific type of M mushroom that's generally can start life as microbes you're dealing with resource constraint you're trying to create a very controlled environment you want to grow something you want to keep all the other unwanted microbes out so that's why there's this constant cleaning and myology actually is a hell lot cleaning and waiting and very little doing you do something you wait you clean some more you wait and that's iology but still

kind of fun doesn't involve a keyboard a screen so something else so here's the process so in your environment you'll rip open your specimen so rip open the mushroom why rip because you want to keep your scalpel blades or any other tools nice and sterile you don't want to introduce any contaminants here so what I'll generally do is slowly as possible rip the mushroom because you don't want to quickly rip it and it lot spores and stuff Airborne then what you'll do with the scalp pull is cut a nice little section just like there and then put that in the center your GH medium so in this case it's a pet dish and then with yeah you seal it and you

wait and you hope so see there like top one there like that's photo before that's how it started there and broke it that so it's kind of getting fluffy but because there's a lot of chance for things to going wrong same as backups like one is none two is one three is two so three so I've got bit done see here so you can actually see the top plate here is quite fluffy this one doesn't seem growing very much but both of them seem to be growing quite nicely and when I say hope and that's why I'm saying hope because this is these Place morning so if you want to have a look and pass them

around open them and sniff anything with them so that's some sort of contamination there that really don't want so that's why we're cleaning this is I don't know what it is it could be tradas I'm not an expert in molds and that kind of thing but you can see here there's some nasty looking blue stuff that we don't want we want this nice white fluffy stuff it's nice and healthy so the reason you're growing these and pet dishes Nar is it's nice so I can open that up get scalp just cut that nice section out there put that on another AAR plate and hopefully not deal with any of that nice contamination and then when I'm ready to

start putting that into grein I can then isolate that and not have to deal with all that nasty contamination so ear on I mentioned liquid culture and these plates started them all two weeks ago I started this plate at the same time that was with liquid culture and actually you can see there Plate's nice healthy white fluffy you've got myal growth all over the pl and actually these little dogs here I think probably in a week or two you're going to start having tiniest little pins of oyster mushrooms forming as they try and fruit but there's not going to be enough nutrients and enough fresh air and stuff in there but you might get some really tiny mushrooms in there

but because liquid cultures basically liquid slurry of myal genetics just spraying that onto the plate syringe in no time at all I had a nice white fluffy plate that's nice and healthy so generally that's the easiest way to do it but if you're starting from fresh you need to start from something so the process would be you cut clay put on there you wait for it to grow nice and quite fluffy if I was a bit more organized I would have started this talk before two weeks ago and you would have had nice little arms and leg kind of things little bits coming out going out and consuming stuff but no I'm not that organized so that's what it should look

like when it's done that's processed you can see some contamination in there but then once you're ready you've got your nice fluffy white plate you're ready to start growing some mushrooms so for that you want to create some grain spawn so what I use is Ry grain buy a bag of Ry grain from anywhere Amazon or whatever put it in a pot fill the pot with water let in the pot leave overnight the next day get the grain put it through a SI Coler drain it then I like to put a big towel over the table and just spread the grain like that so and just leave it just you mushrooms like moisture they can live in humidity

up to pretty much 100% but so do other things and grain starts to rot if it's too wet so you want it moist but not wet so I'll leave the grain like that over the table and then once it's ready I'll either put it in a mushroom bag which are just generally plastic bags a lot of them now are bu like can be compost industrial compost when it creates the right heat or you can use jars but traditionally they were just plastic bags V in them which I'll show you so again inocular grain sorry I don't have a picture of this PowerPoint gave me this one it's very much again it's clean sterile workspace and then

you're either putting liquid culture into the grain or you're cutting up a bit of an agar plate and putting those little agar wedges in there with the melium and you'll start seeing that call of green so that's basically a mushroom bag here and you can see this the grain but you can also see myum was starting to form and grow out of that and then you wait and then you wait some more and after a while you'll have a nice solid bag that will effectively can feel like a brick melium that start getting you can see the GRE you'll also start getting some kind of what's known as mopus it's kind of this brownish horrible liquid that you'll see in the

bags but yeah it's just some of the excess liquid that they might s in there works just pissing out effectively and you'll see that form in the bag so that's kind of what that brown stuff is so you're waiting eventually the bag's ready and you do some more stuff so a while back I had done a thread on Twitter about upping your UPS SEC by turning your shreddings into mushrooms so because I'm not that organized I've Bard some stuff in that so substrate normally it's not shredded paper if you're going to grow oyster mushrooms to eat you probably don't want to use Bits of shreddy Paper you don't know heavy metals and inks and stuff you

want to use something like straw wood you can buy straw pellets you can just go to a pet shop and buy a big bag of ha oyster mushrooms really aren't fussy about what they eat as long as it's got cellulous in it it's happy so drag dead grass paper cardboard old books yeah was mushrooms don't happily eat that up which is why if you want to get into this oyster mushrooms a really nice easy place to start because it's pretty pretty rebant yeah hard to get it wrong so yeah so you end up with a shy bag of shreddings grass whatever you soak it drain off any excess water and then put bits of your grain spawn in there so

here's one I made earlier and unfortunately this was only two days earlier so or yeah three days actually Thursday so it's got a lot of shredding in it and you can see tiniest bits of grain Spa can actually start seeing little bits coming off so this although it looks gross it's green spawn cardboard shreddy TV licensing threat letters that kind of crap so at least I'm put it into good use so put them in and weit and after a while like weeks you'll have a nice big fluffy solid block like that and then you wait some more and you can start seeing the formation of like mushroom pins there like mushroom pins and you wait and then you wait a

bit more and oyster mushrooms really like fresh air so if you're going in these a house they're probably not going to get enough fresh air but they'll still work you'll probably find that trying grow oy inside they grow quite long and stringy almost really long stems whereas if you see them growing in trees in a wild they're generally just almost kind the shelves coming off the P you just have that top bit you won't have these big long stems but yeah as you wait like within days of seeing kind of the initial mushroom pins they start to grow bigger and bigger and it'll form something like that and then eventually they'll fruit so I think

actually I took this picture slightly too early this is shed paper for so what will happen is once they're ready to actually once the ready to drops fors the edges will turn up slightly and they'll put a big mass of white silvery transparent oyster mushroom spores everywhere so if you're going this in a house when you see them at that kind of stage it's probably a time to put some newspaper or something down because otherwise your furniture carpet whatever is going to be covered in spores then if you get bit of moisture in there yeah you can see where I'm going oyster mushrooms love to decompose stuff so you probably want to be careful about what

they're going to decompose I've not grown any of my house since I moved I've grew plenty of my flat but that's not my responsibility anymore so if the new owners are watching this sorry so now what yeah so so micro remediation that's really cool so if you've got some toxic Wasteland and X industrial land what there's a lot of people doing nowadays is getting truckloads of wood chips and inoculating the mushrooms and then dumping them in that land so because mushrooms like to break down various sources of carbon turns out oyster mushrooms are actually really good at breaking down oils and oil like products and like so there's studies and then actually there's a lot

of research going on about micro remediation using myelon mushrooms to turn Wasteland into vertile land that's very much alive and actually there's some type of oyster mushrooms that actually breaken down plastic which is really cool I think my understanding is if discovered in a lab they had Petri dishes of mushroom and effectively eat through one of the dishes and went oh we should probably cultivate this because plastic Wast a massive problem so if you want to hear somebody talk much more eloquently about that go Google pul Stam it how mushrooms will save the world he does a great job of talking about how awesome mushrooms are and talking about micr mediation that kind of thing and

yeah you can turn things into mushrooms so that's a book soaked it in a zip lock bag boiling water for a while to kill off anything I didn't want drained there opened it up shove some mushroom spawn between the pages left it line for a while and and you've got mushrooms coming out there yeah I just want to see I can get the [ __ ] out because this is an area that with some caveats there's some good use for traditional machine learning but AI in myology is an area that's causing some real world harm so Amazon for a while you were getting AI generated books and identifying mushrooms there's quite a few deadly mushrooms in the UK so you put two and

two together you can go quite wrong very quickly some of these books have been shown that yeah they misidentified potentially deadly mushrooms and I think recently Google's AI has been doing the same it's been people put a photo of mushrooms in Google search Google eye goes yeah I know what that is it's this go eat it it's delicious and then you die oh so yeah they won't be searching for it again yeah exactly it's like this keeps the search Trends way down so like you can yeah so obviously you can grow mushrooms with this but you can probably figure that out some cool researchers somewhere put King oyster mushrooms in a robotic body and it reacts to sound and

light not really done enough of research into that but that's it there and I I want to throw it in there because it's a mushroom with the robotic body it's like there is a lot of cool stuff going on like people have done research like you have like one pet dish one there one Petra dish there and you expose melium in this dish to something and the melium in that dish reacts can't explain it but apparently there studies that say that happens so yeah don't know that as cool as [ __ ] and yeah I suppose you can quit in full second go create a mushroom farm because to be honest that's probably where I'm going

so so yeah how do you get started so yeah I think I actually messed up a copy paste there so that should be growing some mushrooms I paulit that should be spread across two bullet points I try to rearrange that but that's big book really good book lots of information about growing various types of mushroom you've got a lot of mushrooms that will only grow in harmony with certain types of plants and trees like micro rifal fungi so you'll have like chantells that are really desirable for they only draw certain types of wood you've got the infamous red amonita mascaria that I think Vikings B there is apparently used before they went to war they'll only grow with I think generally

kind of pain trees and the like so you look around ever greens you'll generally find these big massive red and white caps that contain muskol and all these other interesting compounds that if you mix with wine you can do stuff so yeah there's Reddit there's a subreddit for myology but kind of off Reddit these days for reasons but where I'd say the exception to AI would be the I naturalist app which I've got in there and that's so really colap it's pretty good at actually identifying mushrooms but the really cool thing about it is it CZ in science you can go download all the data but as you identify stuff you'll also have people come in and peer review your

identifications so I'll wonder about for us I'll find a mushroom go oh I think it looks like that I think it's that and the Machine learning go hey it's that then a week or two days later however long later you'll have somebody comment say actually no it's that if you break it open and smell it you'll smells F like honey so it's a honey fungus for example and it's actually really nice having that feedback from real life humans that people are actually spending a lot of time going around and going what mushrooms growing there okay this person misidentified that is correct it and actually working on the quality over overall data set I think n

act that was originally started by National Geographic I don't know if there're still as much of that kind of big stakeholders they were but it identifies plants animals mushrooms so get a shot if you want to get into myology uh yeah if you need to get kit eBay is the easiest way to do it so I was originally planning talk through okay you can make the agar in your kitchen you can make all this but that's a lot of time and like I said earlier I was very late starting this so you can go on eBay you can search for liquid culture you'll have a variety of mushroom strings to pick for you'll get a syringe in the post that will have

some cloudy liquid you inject a green bag which you can also buy on eBay and you'll have Muses or you can actually just go buy a mushroom grow kit if you really want to start easy you go buy a pre-inoculated bag of oyster mushrooms you sit in the window ledge you cut some holes in it and you have oyster mushrooms but eBay is really good you can buy all the scalps and nonsense there long with B 5 L drugs of iso alcohol or sterzing and hydrogen peroxide and stuff and yeah don't drink I it's not acing alcohol oh yeah come speak to me as well if you're interested so I think don't have in time but Q&A

anyone Jen how in Earth did you get started with this you just wake up one morning and go I want to clone mushrooms I think Paul stamus is takes a lot of credit so he's got this really good Ted Talk on how mushrooms will save the world he goes into the remediation micro remediation about like turning big bits of wasteland into lowering oases he talks about how mushrooms can help mental health a lot of issues there a lot of research going on in King's College Lon Imperial John Hopkins on San for depression anxiety and like does that CA the vitamin D then did you get really strong Vitamin D from mushrooms you do have really strong vitamin D get that

from the Earth but the generally the trials are doing are more around psychedelic so that concept is your brain set in your what your ways you've got what's known as the default mode Network which is you wake up in the morning this is your default Behavior this is what you do so I think there's a lot of science going in now with various psychedelics including cocy from mushrooms although they generally use lab synthesiz stuff saying that if you shake up your bre default mode Network and producing Randomness you can basically change people's habits so combine that with proper there preparation meditation or whatever you've got people going into hospitals effectively getting treatment effectively on magic mushrooms W they'll

go in they'll come back and actually compared to ssris and the likes actually showing a lot they see but obviously it's how you scale that because it doesn't really fit nicely into our kind of model of clinical trials and take this one pill and that's the only available CU you're having to pair this with therapy if you throw someday a bunch of mushrooms from the room it's probably well okay my question is I need you that's a question that's a St can my friends play with your friends bye okay bye everybody come see me if you have any more questions or anything like that but how does the discovery SP drive work I don't know but they actually did M the

doctor after P St in I know the character yeah so I really like that yeah and like I think they actually go join the missal network in one of the episodes or something like that they go inside the score Drive I did like that that was really good thank Youk